Intshayelelo emfutshane kwiNkqubo yeMveliso ye-PET Containers
Intshayelelo
I-Polyethylene Terephthalate, eyaziwa njenge-PET, luhlobo lweplastiki oluye lwaba yimfuneko kwishishini lokupakisha. Iyaziwa ngamandla ayo, elubala, kunye nokuphinda isetyenziswe, iPET isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwenza izikhongozeli zeziselo, ukutya, amayeza kunye nezinye iimveliso. Le bhlog ibonelela ngoshwankathelo olufutshane lwenkqubo yokuvelisa izikhongozeli zePET, ukusuka kwizinto ezikrwada ukuya kwimveliso egqityiweyo.
1. Ukudibanisa izinto ezikrwada
Inkqubo yokuvelisa iqala nge-synthesis ye-PET resin. I-PET i-polymer eyenziwe kwi-terephthalic acid (TPA) kunye ne-ethylene glycol (EG). Ezi khemikhali zimbini zifumana i-polymerization reaction ukuze zenze iipellets ze-PET, eziyimathiriyeli ekrwada esisiseko yokwenza izitya ze-PET.
2. Preform Production
Inyathelo elilandelayo kwinkqubo kukwenza iipreforms. Iipreforms zincinci, iziqwenga ezimise okwetyhubhu ye-PET ezithi kamva zivuthelwe kwimilo yazo yokugqibela yesikhongozeli. Ukuveliswa kwee-preforms kubandakanya:
(1) Ukomisa iiPellet zePET:Iipelisi ze-PET zomisiwe ukuze zisuse umswakama, ezinokuchaphazela umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela.
(2) Ukubunjwa kwesitofu:Iipelisi ezomileyo zityiswa kumatshini wokubumba inaliti, apho ziyancibilika kwaye zifakwe kwi-molds ukwenza i-preforms. I-preforms ke ipholile kwaye ikhutshwe kwi-molds.
3. Vuthela Ukubumba
Ukubumba ukuvuthela yinkqubo apho ii-preforms ziguqulwa zibe zizikhongozeli zokugqibela ze-PET. Zimbini iindidi eziphambili zenkqubo yokubumba isivuthelo: isitofu sokubumba isivuthelo sokuvuthela (ISBM) kunye nokubumba i-extrusion blow (EBM).
Isitofu sokuBumba iBlow Stretch (ISBM):
(1) Ukufudumeza:Iipreforms zifudunyezwa kwiqondo lobushushu elithile ukuze zikwazi ukuguquleka.
(2) Ukolula kunye nokuvuthela:I-preform efudumeleyo ifakwe kwi-mold. Intonga eyoluliweyo idlulela kwi-preform, iyolula ngobude. Ngaxeshanye, umoya woxinzelelo oluphezulu uvuthelwa kwi-preform, uyandisa ukuze ulungele ukubunjwa kwesikhunta.
(3) Ukupholisa:Isikhongozeli esisanda kwenziwa siyapholiswa kwaye sisuswe kubumba.
UkuBumba ukuButheka kwe-Extrusion (EBM):
(1) Extrusion:I-PET etyhidiweyo ikhutshelwa kumbhobho, ebizwa ngokuba yicawa.
(2) Ukuvuthela:I-parison ifakwa kwi-mold kwaye ivuthelwe ngomoya ukuze ihambelane nokumila kwe-mold.
(3) Ukupholisa:Isikhongozelo sipholile kwaye sikhutshwe kwi-mold.
4. Ukulawulwa komgangatho kunye noVavanyo
Ulawulo lomgangatho lubalulekile kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso ukuqinisekisa ukuba izikhongozeli ze-PET ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho efunekayo. Iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ziyenziwa ukujonga iipropathi ezinje ngamandla, ukucaca, kunye nokumelana nokuvuza. Iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo kunye nokuhlolwa kwezandla ziqeshwe ukuchonga kunye nokulungisa naziphi na iziphene.
5. Iilebhile kunye nokuPakisha
Nje ukuba izikhongozeli ziphumelele iimvavanyo zolawulo lomgangatho, zidlulela kwinqanaba lokuleyibhile kunye nokupakishwa. Iileyibhile zisetyenziswa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezahlukeneyo, ezifana neeleyibhile zokuncamathelisa, imikhono eshwabeneyo, okanye ukuprinta ngokuthe ngqo. Izikhongozeli ezileyibhile ziyapakishwa zize zilungiselelwe ukuhanjiswa.
Ukuqukumbela
Inkqubo yokuvelisa izikhongozeli zePET ngumxube onomdla wekhemistri kunye nobunjineli. Ukusuka ekudityanisweni kwezinto ezikrwada ukuya ekupakishweni kokugqibela, inyathelo ngalinye liyilwe ngobuchule ukuvelisa izikhongozeli ezikumgangatho ophezulu, ezithembekileyo nezikhuselekileyo. Ukuguquguquka kwezinto ezininzi kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe i-PET kuyenza ibe lolona khetho luthandwayo kumashishini amaninzi, ebonisa ukubaluleka kwemathiriyeli kwizisombululo zokupakishwa zale mihla.
Iingcamango Zokugqibela
Ukuqonda inkqubo yokuvelisa izikhongozeli ze-PET akubonisi kuphela ubunzima kunye nokuchaneka okubandakanyekayo kodwa kugxininisa ukubaluleka kokutsha kunye nokuzinza kwishishini lokupakisha. Njengoko iteknoloji ihambela phambili, sinokulindela uphuculo olongezelelekileyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nefuthe lokusingqongileyo kwimveliso ye-PET.