Isingeniso Esifushane Senqubo Yokukhiqiza Yeziqukathi Ze-PET

Isingeniso

I-Polyethylene Terephthalate, eyaziwa ngokuthi i-PET, iwuhlobo lwepulasitiki oselubaluleke kakhulu embonini yokupakisha. Yaziwa ngamandla ayo, izinto obala, kanye nokusetshenziswa kabusha, i-PET isetshenziswa kabanzi ukwenza iziqukathi zeziphuzo, ukudla, imithi, neminye imikhiqizo. Le bhulogi inikeza umbono omfishane wenqubo yokukhiqizwa kweziqukathi ze-PET, kusukela kumpahla eluhlaza kuya kumkhiqizo ophelile.

1. I-Raw Material Synthesis

Inqubo yokukhiqiza iqala ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-PET resin. I-PET iyi-polymer eyenziwe nge-terephthalic acid (TPA) ne-ethylene glycol (EG). Lawa makhemikhali amabili athola i-polymerization reaction ukuze akhe ama-PET pellets, okuyizinto eziyisisekelo zokukhiqiza iziqukathi ze-PET.

2. Preform Production

Isinyathelo esilandelayo kule nqubo ukwakhiwa kwama-preforms. Ama-preforms amancane, izingcezu ze-PET ezimise okweshubhu lokuhlola ezifuthwa kamuva zibe yisimo sazo sokugcina sesitsha. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-preforms kuhlanganisa:
(1) Ukomisa I-PET Pellets:Amapellets e-PET omisiwe ukuze asuse umswakama, ongathinta ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo wokugcina.
(2) Ukubumba komjovo:Ama-pellets omisiwe afakwa emshinini wokubumba umjovo, lapho ancibilikiswa khona futhi afakwe esikhunjini ukuze enze ama-preforms. Ama-preforms abe esepholile futhi akhishwe ekubunjweni.

3. Vuthela Ukubumba

I-Blow molding inqubo lapho ama-preforms eguqulwa abe iziqukathi zokugcina ze-PET. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezinqubo zokubumba igalelo: i-injection stretch blow blow molding (ISBM) kanye ne-extrusion blow molding (EBM).

Ukubumba Ukuvuthela Kokujova (ISBM):
(1) Ukushisisa:Ama-preforms ashiselwa ezingeni lokushisa elithile ukuze aphenduleke.
(2) Ukwelula nokuphephetha:I-preform efudumele ifakwe esikhunjini. Induku enwetshiwe idlulela ku-preform, iyilule ngobude. Ngasikhathi sinye, umoya onomfutho ophezulu uvuthela ku-preform, uyinwebe ukuze ilingane nokuma kwesikhunta.
(3) Ukupholisa:Isitsha esisanda kwakhiwa siyapholiswa futhi sikhishwe esikhunjeni.

I-Extrusion Blow Molding (EBM):
(1) I-Extrusion:I-PET encibilikisiwe idluliselwa eshubhuni, elibizwa ngokuthi i-parison.
(2) Ukufutha:I-parison ifakwa esikhunjeni bese ishaywa ngomoya ukuze ihambisane nokuma kwesikhunta.
(3) Ukupholisa:Isitsha siyapholiswa futhi sikhishwe esikhunjeni.

4. Ukulawula Ikhwalithi Nokuhlola

Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi kubalulekile kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi iziqukathi ze-PET ziyahlangabezana namazinga adingekayo. Ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwenziwa ukuhlola izakhiwo ezinjengamandla, ukucaca, nokumelana nokuvuza. Amasistimu azenzakalelayo kanye nokuhlola okwenziwa ngesandla kusetshenziswa ukuze kuhlonzwe futhi kulungiswe noma yiziphi izinkinga.

5. Ukulebula nokupakisha

Uma iziqukathi seziphumelele izivivinyo zokulawula ikhwalithi, zidlulela esigabeni sokulebula nokupakisha. Amalebula asetshenziswa kusetshenziswa amasu ahlukene, njengamalebula okunamathela, imikhono eshwabene, noma ukuphrinta okuqondile. Iziqukathi ezibhalwe ukuthi ziyapakishwa bese zilungiselelwa ukusatshalaliswa.

Isiphetho

Inqubo yokukhiqiza yeziqukathi ze-PET iyinhlanganisela ethakazelisayo yamakhemikhali nobunjiniyela. Kusukela ekuhlanganisweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kuye ekufakweni kokugcina, isinyathelo ngasinye siklanywe ngokucophelela ukuze kukhiqizwe iziqukathi ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezithembekile neziphephile. Ukuguquguquka nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwe-PET kuyenza ibe yinto ekhethwayo ezimbonini eziningi, okubonisa ukubaluleka kokusebenza ezixazululweni zesimanje zokupakisha.

Imicabango yokugcina

Ukuqonda inqubo yokukhiqizwa kweziqukathi ze-PET akugcini nje ngokugqamisa inkimbinkimbi nokunemba okuhilelekile kodwa futhi kugcizelela ukubaluleka kokusungula izinto ezintsha nokuzinza embonini yokupakisha. Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, singalindela ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe ekusebenzeni kahle nomthelela wemvelo wokukhiqizwa kweziqukathi ze-PET.